Root Resorption

Root resorption is a condition in which the body begins to break down and absorb the root structure of a tooth. This process can occur internally within the tooth or externally on the root surface. While mild cases may not cause noticeable symptoms, more advanced resorption can weaken the tooth, leading to sensitivity, pain, and even tooth loss if left untreated.

What Causes Root Resorption?

Root resorption can develop due to a variety of factors, including:

  • Dental trauma – Injuries to the mouth can trigger the body’s natural healing response, sometimes leading to unintended root breakdown.
  • Orthodontic treatment – The movement of teeth during braces or other orthodontic procedures can, in some cases, contribute to root resorption.
  • Chronic inflammation or infection – Periodontal disease and long-standing infections can stimulate resorption of the tooth’s root structure.
  • Impacted teeth – Teeth that are unable to fully emerge, such as wisdom teeth, may put pressure on nearby roots, causing resorption.
  • Unknown factors – In some cases, resorption occurs without an identifiable cause.

What Are the Types of Root Resorption?

Root resorption is generally classified into two main types:

  • External Resorption – Occurs on the outer surface of the tooth, usually affecting the root. It may be caused by trauma, pressure, or chronic inflammation.
  • Internal Resorption – Begins inside the tooth, affecting the inner pulp and root canal walls. This type is less common and is often detected on dental X-rays before symptoms arise.

How Is Root Resorption Diagnosed and Treated?

Early detection is key to managing root resorption effectively. Your endodontist will use advanced imaging techniques, such as digital X-rays or CBCT scans, to assess the extent of the resorption. Treatment depends on the severity and type of resorption and may include:

  • Monitoring – If caught early and progressing slowly, your dentist may simply observe the tooth over time.
  • Root canal treatment – If the pulp becomes inflamed or infected, a root canal may be necessary to remove the affected tissue and seal the tooth.
  • Surgical intervention – In cases of advanced external resorption, endodontic surgery may be required to remove damaged tissue and protect the remaining tooth structure.
  • Tooth extraction – If the resorption is too advanced and the tooth cannot be saved, extraction may be necessary, followed by a dental implant or other restoration.